LITWAK, A.

LITWAK, A.
LITWAK, A. (pseudonym of Ḥayyim Yankel Helfand; 1874–1932), popular publicist and propagandist of the bund . Born in Lithuania, he studied in yeshivot there. In 1894 he joined Social Democratic circles in Vilna, taking a leading part in the "Jargon Committees" for publishing and circulating popular educational and informational literature in Yiddish. Exiled to Siberia for revolutionary activities, on his return in 1904 he became active in the Bund in Vilna and Warsaw, and from 1910 a member of its central committee. A prolific and sharpedged writer and lively speaker, Litwak was warmly attached to Jewish folk culture and way of life, and became known as the "talmid ḥakham of the Bund." He was a leader of the "hard" group in the Bund which stood out for preserving its independence from the Russian Social Democratic Party in 1906, and later criticized the doctrine of national neutralism put forward by vladimir medem . For two years Litwak stayed in Vienna, and in 1915 went to the United States. Returning to revolutionary Russia in July 1917 he became a leader of the anti-Bolshevist faction in the Bund, and after its split, a leader of the "Social Democratic" Bund. After trying to settle down in Poland, where he moved in 1921, he proceeded to the United States (1926). There he was active in the jewish socialist farband , edited its organ Veker, and promoted secular education in Yiddish. He met with difficulties in his attempts to associate himself with the American Jewish Labor Movement. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: LNYL, 5 (1963), 83–90; B. Johnpoll, The Politics of Futility (1968), 134–5. (Moshe Mishkinsky)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • litwak — m III, DB. a, N. litwakkiem; lm M. ci litwakacy, te i, DB. ów 1. «Żyd pochodzący z Litwy, źle mówiący po polsku, przesiedlony w końcu XIX w. z cesarstwa rosyjskiego do byłego Królestwa Polskiego» 2. Litwak daw. «mężczyzna pochodzący z Litwy;… …   Słownik języka polskiego

  • Robert Litwak — is the Director of the Division of International Security Studies at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. He is also an Adjunct Professor at Georgetown University s School of Foreign Service. A prominent scholar of U.S. foreign… …   Wikipedia

  • Geschichte der Juden in Litauen — Die Geschichte der Juden in Litauen geht ins frühe Mittelalter zurück. Die ersten Juden waren wahrscheinlich von Südosten ins Gebiet des späteren Großfürstentums Litauen eingewandert.[1] In bedeutend größerer Zahl wanderten aschkenasische Juden… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • DETROIT — DETROIT, largest city in Michigan, U.S., with a Jewish population of around 103,000 (with Ann Arbor) in 2001, comprising 1.9% of the city s total population. Part of the distinction of Detroit Jews derives from the nature and history of Detroit.… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Flashdance — This article is about the film. For the stage musical, see Flashdance the Musical. Flashdance Theatrical release poster Directed by Adrian Lyne …   Wikipedia

  • Esalen Institute — is a center in Big Sur, California, in the United States, for humanistic alternative education and a nonprofit organization devoted to multidisciplinary studies ordinarily neglected or unfavoured by traditional academia. Esalen offers more than… …   Wikipedia

  • The Kentucky Fried Movie — theatrical poster Directed by John Landis …   Wikipedia

  • Nancy Lenehan — Lenehan with Worst Week co star Kurtwood Smith in 2008. Born April 26, 1953 (1953 04 26) (age …   Wikipedia

  • Der Mann ihrer Träume — Filmdaten Deutscher Titel Der Mann ihrer Träume Originaltitel The Butcher s Wife …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • The Butcher's Wife — Filmdaten Deutscher Titel: Der Mann ihrer Träume Originaltitel: The Butcher s Wife Produktionsland: USA Erscheinungsjahr: 1991 Länge: 100 Minuten Originalsprache: Englisch …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”